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Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia born 1 January 1971 in Bombay, Maharashtra is an Indian politician. He is a Member of Parliament,representing the Guna constituency in the state of Madhya Pradesh and a member of the Indian National Congress party.He was the Union Minister of State for the Ministry of Power.〔()〕 He is the titular 'Maharaja of Gwalior' being the descendant of the Scindia rulers of Gwalior State, a former 21-Gun Salute Maratha Princely state in the British Indian Empire.〔https://books.google.co.in/books?id=8C3RBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA22&dq=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMIpaK_u7y9xwIVlHOOCh20EwAh#v=onepage&q=jyotiraditya%20scindia%20maharaja%20of%20gwalior&f=false〕〔https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qYK1AAAAIAAJ&q=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&dq=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAmoVChMIpaK_u7y9xwIVlHOOCh20EwAh〕〔https://books.google.co.in/books?id=_W_VInswNiYC&pg=PA86&dq=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDcQ6AEwBmoVChMIpaK_u7y9xwIVlHOOCh20EwAh#v=onepage&q=jyotiraditya%20scindia%20maharaja%20of%20gwalior&f=false〕〔https://books.google.co.in/books?id=fFtmAAAAMAAJ&q=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&dq=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CEIQ6AEwCGoVChMIpaK_u7y9xwIVlHOOCh20EwAh〕〔https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uyduAAAAMAAJ&q=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&dq=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCoQ6AEwA2oVChMIyIe2wr29xwIVkhuOCh1nVQVB〕〔https://books.google.co.in/books?id=fKsxBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT551&dq=jyotiraditya+scindia+maharaja+of+gwalior&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDIQ6AEwBWoVChMIyIe2wr29xwIVkhuOCh1nVQVB#v=onepage&q=jyotiraditya%20scindia%20maharaja%20of%20gwalior&f=false〕〔http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/jyotiraditya-scindia-congress-cm-candidate-rahul-gandhi-rally-gwalior/1/316771.html〕 ==Early life== Scindia was born in Mumbai to Madhavrao Scindia and Madhavi Raje Scindia. He studied at Campion School in the city and at The Doon School, Dehradun. He studied Economics at Harvard University and graduated in 1993. In 2001, he received a M.B.A. from the Stanford Graduate School of Business.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Honorable Shri. Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia - Minister of State for Commerce & Industry )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jyotiraditya M. Scindia - Minister of State for Commerce & Industry )〕 Scindia is a grandson of George Jivajirao Scindia, the Maharaja of the 21-Gun Salute Maratha Princely state of Gwalior which acceded to the Dominion of India, for this he was then made the first Rajpramukh of Madhya Bharat. However, in the 26th amendment to the Constitution of India promulgated in 1971, the Government of India abolished all official symbols of princely India, including titles, privileges, and remuneration (privy purses).〔1. , "Through a constitutional amendment passed in 1971, Indira Gandhi stripped the princes of the titles, privy purses and regal privileges which her father's government had granted." (p 278). 2. Quote: "The princes of India – their number and variety reflecting to a large extent the chaos that had come to the country with the break up of the Mughal empire – had lost real power in the British time. Through generations of idle servitude they had grown to specialize only in style. A bogus, extinguishable glamour: in 1947, with Independence, they had lost their state, and Mrs. Gandhi in 1971 had, without much public outcry, abolished their privy purses and titles." (pp 37–38). 3. Quote: "Although the Indian states were alternately requested or forced into union with either India or Pakistan, the real death of princely India came when the Twenty-sixth Amendment Act (1971) abolished the princes' titles, privileges, and privy purses." (page 78). 4. Quote: "The third stage in the political evolution of the princes from rulers to citizens occurred in 1971, when the constitution ceased to recognize them as princes and their privy purses, titles, and special privileges were abolished." (page 84). 5. Quote: "Her success at the polls emboldened Mrs. Gandhi to act decisively against the princes. Through 1971, the two sides tried and failed to find a settlement. The princes were willing to forgo their privy purses, but hoped at least to save their titles. But with her overwhelming majority in Parliament, the prime minister had no need to compromise. On 2 December she introduced a bill to amend the constitution and abolish all princely privileges. It was passed in the Lok Sabha by 381 votes to six, and in the Rajya Sabha by 167 votes to seven. In her own speech, the prime minister invited 'the princes to join the elite of the modern age, the elite which earns respect by its talent, energy and contribution to human progress, all of which can only be done when we work together as equals without regarding anybody as of special status.' " (page 441). 6. Quote: "The Indian princes survived the British Raj by only a few years. The Indian republic stripped them of their powers and then their titles." (page 10). 7. Quote: "Indian States: "Various (formerly) semi-independent areas in India ruled by native princes .... Under British rule ... administered by residents assisted by political agents. Titles and remaining privileges of princes abolished by Indian government 1971." (page 520). 8. Quote: "A monarchy is only as good as the reigning monarch: thus it is with the princely states. Once they seemed immutable, invincible. In 1971 they were "derecognized," their privileges, privy purses and titles all abolished at a stroke" (page 91)〕 He is married to Priyadarshini Raje Scindia of the Gaekwad royal family of Baroda. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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